Which was the first kingdom to sign the subsidiary alliance
Hyderabad, the largest princely state of India, which was governed by the Nizam of Hyderabad, was the first Indian princely state to ratify the subsidiary alliance with the East India Company.
Under the administration of Richard Wellesley, Governor-General of India, who used to call himself the Tiger of Bengal, British rule saw its peak expansion. He introduced the subsidiary alliance in 1798. Under this policy the Indian princely states experienced protection from others forces, and the East India Company became the paramountcy.
But the safe-keeping came at a price too high for the princely state rulers. They were expected to follow certain conditions which included the payment of maintenance of the British troops which would stay there, acknowledgement of Britain as the paramount power, cutting-off their relations from any other European powers, especially French, as France was an ally of many Indian kingdoms such as Maratha, Mysore etc. and helped them against British occupation, European residents were strictly prohibited in the court without the permission of the British authority, forbidden to make new political connections with other powers ( not even Indian) without British authorization, some states were also instructed to disband their standing-army, coerced to keep a British diplomat at their court who would not interfere with the internal affairs of the states.
Hyderabad, in 1798, became the first of the princely states to form the Subsidiary Alliance pact with the East India Company. Though the pact seemed to be beneficial, in reality it took away their independence, right to self-defence, maintenance of diplomatic relationships, employment of foreign experts and freedom to settle their dispute with their neighbouring kingdoms. Since Tipu Sultan didn’t agree to abide by these rules, the British treated the matter by power, leading to the 4th Anglo-Mysore War in 1799.
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Subsidiary Alliance was introduced in which state
Subsidiary Alliance was introduced in Hyderabad, and the Nizam of Hyderabad was the first Indian ruler to sign the agreement in 1798. Following Hyderabad, other states like Mysore, Awadh and various Maratha states also entered into the subsidiary alliance with the British. The aftermath of the alliance resulted in the unemployment of the Maratha soldiers, who later joined the Pindaris and started looting the streets. The Britishers campaigned against the ransack, but the Peshwa thought it was against him. This misunderstanding led to the 3rd Anglo-Maratha War.
Subsidiary Alliance was imposed on Awadh in
The Subsidiary Alliance was imposed on Awadh in 1801. The Alliance was imposed in different stages. In the initial stages the connection was running smoothly, but with time they imposed several new laws and restrictions on the state, which included the high maintenance cost of British troops, which states would often fail to pay. When the state of Awadh couldn’t pay the price, Britishers took the territory of Rohilkhand from Awadh as compensation.
Subsidiary Alliance UPSC
Since the Subsidiary Alliance is a significant policy in the reinforcement of the British monopoly over India, it is a frequently asked question in the UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) Exam.
Was the Subsidiary Alliance introduced by Dupleix?
The Subsidiary Alliance was introduced by Richard Wellesley in 1798 and not by Dupleix. The major difference between them was that Wellesley was the British Governor-General of India from 1798 to 1805 who introduced the Subsidiary Alliance, and Dupleix was the French Governor-General of India of the 1740s who tried to establish French supremacy through war and alliance.
Subsidiary alliance class 8
The Subsidiary Alliance is an important topic of Class 8 History from Chapter – From Trade to Territory. This Alliance serves as a testimony to British manipulative policies which would save them a direct war and battle by coercing states to sign agreements, which would appear beneficial at the superficial level, but at a closer look, it was the inception of their dominance and authority over the Indian subcontinent.
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